game design

This is a scientific article. Sources are at the bottom of this page. Stardew Valley, an indie farming simulator released in 2016 has earned a reputation as one of the most relaxing video games ever made. Millions of players have embraced its gentle routine of planting crops, tending animals, fishing, and befriending townsfolk as a soothing escape from real-world stress. During the COVID-19 pandemic, interest in “cozy” games like Stardew Valley and Animal Crossing: New Horizons skyrocketed as people sought low-stress virtual retreats. Critics and players alike have praised Stardew Valley’s tranquil atmosphere – in fact, an IGN review described it as a “comforting and satisfying” experience, lauding its relaxing nature and flexible, player-driven pace. This report examines scientific studies and expert analyses to understand why Stardew Valley is so often cited as a powerful stress-relieving, mood-boosting game. We explore its psychological effects on players, the cognitive and design features that make its gameplay calming, how it compares to other relaxing games, insights from experts (psychologists, neuroscientists, game designers), player-reported benefits, and even physiological evidence of its relaxation impact. All findings are supported by academic research and expert commentary in order to separate evidence-based conclusions from mere anecdote. Psychological Effects on Stress and Mood Emerging research suggests that playing Stardew Valley can produce tangible benefits for mental well-being. In a 2022 experimental study, psychology researchers had participants play Stardew Valley for one week (with brief daily sessions) and measured their mood and stress levels before vs. after the gaming period. As hypothesized, the results showed significant improvements in emotional state – specifically, positive affect increased, while negative affect and perceived stress decreased following the week of gameplay. In other words, after a week of regular Stardew Valley play, participants reported feeling happier and less stressed than they did initially. This finding aligns with the idea that low-pressure, “relaxing” games can act as a form of stress relief when played in healthy doses. The authors note that further research (e.g. with control groups) is needed to confirm causality, but the initial evidence is promising. Beyond controlled studies, player self-reports also underscore Stardew Valley’s mental health benefits. A 2021 content analysis by University of Saskatchewan researchers mined thousands of Steam user reviews to identify commercial games with “therapeutic potential.” They found substantial evidence of players extolling the mental health benefits of Stardew Valley and similar titles, particularly regarding stress reduction and mood management. For example, one player suffering from depression wrote: “Stardew helped me cope through the harshness of it all by teleporting me into a serene, small coastal town full of some of the best parts of humanity.”. Another Stardew player simply noted that the game is “very relaxing… kind of the complete opposite to a lot of my other games”, and that it made them feel “better, lighter” after playing. Such testimonials, when aggregated, indicate a pattern: many players turn to Stardew Valley as a form of digital self-care, reporting reduced anxiety, comfort during depression, and an overall sense of calm from the experience. These qualitative accounts dovetail with the quantitative study results above, suggesting that the relaxation effect is not just placebo or hype – it’s being felt by players and can be measured in improved mood scores. Notably, Stardew Valley often appears near the top of lists of games people use for stress relief. In the University of Saskatchewan study, which categorized 52 player “disclosures” about using games to cope with hardship, Stardew Valley was the second most frequently cited game for coping and recovery, only behind Kind Words (an explicitly therapeutic letter-writing game). In that analysis, Stardew accounted for 12 out of 52 mentions of coping-related benefits, far outpacing most other titles (the next closest had only 3). This suggests that among games praised for helping players through anxiety or depression, Stardew Valley stands out as a prime example in the eyes of the gaming community. Overall, the psychological research to date reinforces Stardew Valley’s reputation as a soothing, stress-reducing game – an effect that is backed by improvements in self-reported stress and mood and echoed by countless personal anecdotes of anxiety relief. Game Mechanics and Cognitive Factors Behind the Calm What is it about Stardew Valley that makes it so relaxing and emotionally nourishing? Cognitive science and game design analysis point to several key features of the game’s mechanics and pacing that contribute to a calming player experience: Low-Stakes, No-Pressure Gameplay: Stardew Valley is famously forgiving. There are no strict deadlines or “game over” states – it’s “virtually impossible to lose,” as is typical for cozy games. There are few failure penalties (oversleeping or missing a harvest has minor consequences at most), and any combat (in the optional mine areas) is easy to avoid or overcome. This lack of high-stakes stressors means players can explore and progress at their own pace without anxiety about failure. Research on cozy games notes that they avoid putting players in overly stressful situations by design. By removing the fear of harsh consequences, Stardew Valley creates a safe virtual space where relaxation is possible because nothing catastrophic can happen. Routine, Predictability, and “Imaginary Work”: The core gameplay loop involves repetitive, rhythmic tasks – planting and watering crops, feeding animals, fishing, and gathering – which can induce a zen-like state. Psychologists liken this to a form of imaginary work that is enjoyable rather than stressful. Dr. Jamie Madigan, a psychologist who writes on gaming, explains that Stardew Valley offers the satisfying parts of work without the bad parts: it strips away “the uncertainty, helplessness, ambiguity, and consequences for failure” that accompany real-life jobs. What’s left is a set of clear goals, winnable challenges, and predictable rewards – exactly the kind of consistent feedback loop our brains find comforting. Tending a virtual farm provides a sense of order and accomplishment: you always know that if you plant seeds and water them, crops will grow. This reliable cause-and-effect and the routine of daily in-game chores can be very soothing for the mind, almost akin to a mindfulness practice. Players often enter a calm, focused “flow” state while fishing or farming, fully absorbed in the gentle tasks and temporarily freed from outside worries. Autonomy and Control: Stardew Valley is an open-ended sandbox where players decide how to spend their day – whether it’s growing crops, mining, socializing, or just walking around enjoying the pixel scenery. This freedom supports a sense of autonomy, a core psychological need. A study of Animal Crossing (another popular cozy game) during the pandemic found that such games satisfy basic needs like autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which in turn provides “psychological relief in stressful contexts”. The same likely applies to Stardew: you’re free to set your own goals (or play with no goals at all), which is empowering rather than stressful. Unlike real life, the game world is under your control – your farm will never fail as long as you keep tending it, and you can shape your idyllic life as you please. This sense of control and personal choice can counter feelings of powerlessness and stress from real life. Relaxed Pacing: The game’s slow, measured pacing is a deliberate design choice. Each in-game day is a few real-world minutes long, providing structure, but there’s always tomorrow to finish things. Developer Eric “ConcernedApe” Barone emphasizes that Stardew Valley was made to have a “very natural… relaxed pace”, especially compared to modern titles that are “hyper-stimulating” and fast-paced. He notes that many players report feeling “invigorated” rather than burnt out after a session, precisely because the game does not overload the senses or demand rapid reactions. The calm tempo allows players to unwind, in contrast to high-intensity games that can elevate heart rate and leave one tense. Soothing Aesthetics and Audio: Stardew’s presentation contributes greatly to its relaxing vibe. The colorful pixel-art visuals and quaint rural setting create a charming, low-fi atmosphere that feels safe and cozy. Equally important is the soundtrack – a collection of gentle, melodic tunes and ambient farm sounds that many players find calming. The music is so soothing that it has garnered its own reputation; in fact, a special “Prescription for Sleep” album of Stardew Valley music was produced because of popular demand for its lullaby-like qualities. Barone, who composed all the music himself, drew inspiration from nature and wanted the audio to reinforce tranquillity. Scientific literature on stress often cites soft music as a relaxant, and Stardew’s audio design leverages this – the pleasant farm sounds and gentle background music subtly lower the player’s arousal and stress level as they play. All of these design elements – lack of punishment, repetitive yet rewarding tasks, player autonomy, unhurried progression, and soothing sights/sounds – work in concert to make Stardew Valley a calming cognitive experience. Essentially, the game provides just enough challenge and engagement to occupy the mind, but not enough to frustrate or stress the player. This balance encourages a state of relaxed focus that can take one’s mind off real worries (much like meditation or a quiet hobby might). Stardew Valley embodies the concept of “cozy gaming” – a style of game intentionally designed to promote relaxation and comfort. As one journalist quipped, cozy games can be “the meditation practice for people who hate meditating,” offering many of the same benefits (like stress reduction and calm awareness) in a more accessible format. Comparisons to Other Relaxing Games Stardew Valley is often discussed in the same breath as titles like Animal Crossing, Harvest Moon, A Short Hike, Minecraft, The Sims, Flower, and other “relaxing” or “cozy” games. How does Stardew stack up in terms of documented relaxation benefits? Research suggests that Stardew Valley shares many of the positive effects seen in comparable games, and in some respects stands out strongly. For instance, Animal Crossing: New Horizons (another life-simulation game without conflict) became a cultural phenomenon for stress relief in 2020. A qualitative study in the journal Frontiers in Psychology found that ACNH players used the game to fulfill needs for autonomy, competence, and social connection, thereby alleviating stress during pandemic lockdowns. Stardew Valley offers a very similar “virtual village” experience – both games let players retreat into a friendly community and simple living – so it’s no surprise that players report parallel mental health benefits. In the aforementioned Steam review analysis, both Stardew Valley and Animal Crossing were frequently praised for helping with relaxation and anxiety, indicating they occupy a similar niche in gamers’ coping toolkits. One area where Stardew Valley may have an edge is the breadth of its gameplay. Because it incorporates farming, socializing, light combat, crafting, and exploration, it can appeal to players with different preferences for relaxation. Notably, despite having some combat, Stardew Valley was still identified as therapeutic in the University of Saskatchewan study, whereas most other games with combat were absent from the “therapeutic” list. The researchers point out that Stardew was the only game in their mental-health-positive sample that included combat mechanics at all – and in Stardew, combat is entirely secondary to the peaceful farming and social aspects. This suggests that Stardew Valley manages to provide a calm experience despite elements that might be stressful in other games, likely because those elements are optional and toned down. In contrast, many top relaxing games avoid combat or time pressure altogether (e.g. the cozy letter-writing of Kind Words or the gentle exploration of A Short Hike). Stardew’s ability to still relax players while offering a variety of activities (even a bit of dungeon crawling) speaks to its thoughtful balance and the dominance of its calming aspects. In terms of measured outcomes, Stardew Valley appears to deliver stress reduction on par with other renowned relaxing games. We’ve seen that a week of Stardew play boosted mood and reduced stress for study participants. Similarly, Flower – a meditative game often cited for relaxation – was used in a randomized trial as a stress-relief intervention. That study found Flower was just as effective as a guided meditation session at reducing physiological stress: after 20 minutes, players showed significant drops in blood pressure and heart rate, with no statistical difference between the video game and meditation groups. In other words, a casual game achieved relaxation comparable to mindfulness practice. This echoes an even earlier controlled study in 2008 on PopCap’s puzzle games (Bejeweled, Peggle, etc.), which recorded a 54% reduction in physical stress responses (via heart rate variability) when participants played a casual puzzle game, alongside improvements in mood measures like tension and depression. The stress-mitigating power of casual gaming is well documented in these cases, and Stardew Valley fits right into that category of calming games. Indeed, mental health writers often recommend games like Stardew Valley, Animal Crossing, and Minecraft as go-to stress relief activities for a quick mood boost. The consensus of comparative research and expert opinion is that Stardew Valley deserves its spot among the most relaxing games, providing benefits on par with – and sometimes greater than – its peers in the cozy genre. Expert Insights on “Cozy Games” and Mental Health Psychologists, neuroscientists, and game design experts have increasingly taken an interest in the concept of “cozy gaming” and why games like Stardew Valley can be good for our mental health. Dr. Hirokazu Egami, an assistant professor in Japan, conducted a large-scale study (2020–2022) on gaming and well-being. He found that people who had access to video games during that period reported lower stress and higher life satisfaction, essentially concluding that spending “one extra hour each day playing video games” was associated with improved mental health and life satisfaction. Notably, Egami’s work suggests these benefits are especially pronounced with non-violent, relaxing games (the study coincided with the rise of Animal Crossing, for example). In an interview about the research, another psychologist, Dr. Michael Wong of McMaster University, explained that as more studies emerge, “we’re beginning to recognize that can actually offer a lot of benefits” for mental health. Wong’s own experiment comparing casual gaming to meditation was eye-opening: “to our surprise, there really wasn’t a difference between the two… for blood pressure and heart rate, there was no statistically significant difference between playing a video game and engaging in meditation.”. This quote highlights a shifting perspective among experts – far from being just mindless entertainment, a relaxing game can function very much like a traditional relaxation exercise, a view that would have been considered unconventional a decade ago. Game designers who specialize in cozy games also provide insight. Stardew’s creator Eric Barone has emphasized that his goal was to craft a peaceful sanctuary. “I wanted the game to have a very natural feel to it… The theme is that you leave the city and come to the countryside and try to connect with nature,” Barone said in a recent interview. By intentionally making Stardew Valley a pastoral, low-pressure environment, he tapped into a universal craving for simplicity and tranquillity in our leisure. Barone observed that “a lot of games are almost hyper-stimulating… which I think can burn you out. But Stardew… it’s kind of a relaxed pace,” and he notes that players often feel refreshed after playing. This aligns with psychological theories that environments evoking nature and safety (what some call the “tend-and-befriend” response as opposed to fight-or-flight) encourage stress reduction. Other game industry figures, such as developers of Disney Dreamlight Valley and indie cozy games, echo that cozy games are designed first and foremost to instill comfort. “Cozy games are all about community – ultimately everybody pulls together,” explains one creative director, emphasizing the supportive, low-conflict social worlds these games create. The inclusive, supportive community feel can combat loneliness and provide a sense of belonging – itself a buffer against stress and anxiety. Neuroscientists might add that these games likely activate brain reward circuits in a moderate, healthy way. Completing simple goals in Stardew Valley (like harvesting a crop or upgrading your house) triggers small dopamine releases that give a sense of accomplishment but without the high-stress spikes of competitive or high-stakes games. Over time, this can reinforce positive emotions and stress relief. While direct neuroimaging studies on cozy games are still lacking, the biopsychological effects can be inferred from related work: relaxing games tend to reduce cortisol (the stress hormone) and lower sympathetic nervous system arousal, as evidenced by lower heart rates and higher heart rate variability during play. Some therapists have even begun incorporating games like Stardew Valley into their practice or recommending them to patients as a form of interactive relaxation technique, especially for those who struggle with traditional meditation or who need a safe social outlet. All these expert perspectives underscore a paradigm shift – where once games were viewed as a source of stress or harm, now “cozy” games are being recognized as a potential tool for stress reduction and mental wellness. Stardew Valley, as one of the quintessential cozy games, is frequently highlighted in this positive light. Player Experiences and Case Studies While scientific studies provide controlled evidence, the lived experiences of players can illustrate how and why Stardew Valley feels relaxing in practice. Many player case studies have organically emerged in online communities and even academic inquiries. We’ve already seen some individual quotes from players crediting Stardew with helping them cope with depression or providing comfort during tough times. To dig deeper, researchers have begun formally surveying or interviewing players about these effects. For example, a qualitative study of gaming during the pandemic included anecdotes of players using Stardew Valley as a nightly wind-down ritual to manage anxiety and insomnia. One respondent described how watering crops each evening in-game became a grounding routine that quieted their racing thoughts and signalled to their brain it was time to relax – much like sipping herbal tea or reading a book might do in someone else’s routine. This kind of self-directed use of the game as a coping mechanism aligns with coping theory in psychology: the game offers an escape and distraction from real stressors, a chance to immerse in a peaceful alternative world for a while. Importantly, unlike maladaptive escapes (say, substance use), spending an hour in Stardew Valley carries little downside and can even yield social connection (through its characters or the fan community). Community-run surveys (though not peer-reviewed) also bolster the case. On forums like Reddit, thousands of players have shared stories of Stardew Valley alleviating their anxiety or helping them through depressive episodes. Common themes include: Stardew gives a sense of purpose and progress when real life feels stagnant; it provides happy social interactions with NPCs in times of loneliness; its repetitive tasks can calm nerves and reduce rumination (some liken it to the therapeutic effect of gardening or knitting); and it’s a reliable mood lifter – players often mention they feel noticeably more relaxed and positive after playing, even if they were stressed or sad beforehand. These subjective reports are increasingly being taken seriously by researchers. As one paper noted, such direct consumer feedback “bear out the therapeutic benefits” of games like Stardew Valley. In other words, when hundreds of players independently write “this game always makes me feel better” and “it really has a good impact on my mental health”, as they did for Stardew and similar titles, it flags that something real is happening psychologically. One particularly illustrative case is that of “cozy gaming” as social therapy. Some players with social anxiety find that the low-key multiplayer mode of Stardew Valley (where friends can cooperatively farm together) is a safe way to interact and bond without the pressure of face-to-face meetings or competitive online games. There are case studies of friend groups or even families using a shared Stardew farm to stay connected and de-stress together, especially during times of physical isolation (such as lockdowns or living far apart). In this way, Stardew Valley can foster supportive relationships and a sense of community – factors known to improve mental health. A research article on families playing Animal Crossing during the pandemic found it helped them cope with stress together and maintain family bonds; similarly, we can imagine Stardew’s cooperative play yields communal relaxation and mutual support. All these player-centred observations reinforce the scientific findings: Stardew Valley not only feels relaxing – it has become a personal therapy tool for many, used in both solitary self-care and in building positive social connections. The consistency of these reports across different players and contexts adds credibility to the claim that Stardew Valley profoundly aids relaxation and mental well-being. Physiological Evidence of Relaxation Do the calming effects of Stardew Valley and similar games show up in the body, as well as in subjective feelings? Initial evidence says yes. While no published study has measured players’ biometrics specifically during Stardew Valley, studies on analogous casual games demonstrate clear physiological signs of stress reduction. The most direct comparison comes from the experiment where playing Flower was pitted against meditation. In that study, participants blood pressure and heart rate were tracked before and after each session: both the gaming group and the meditation group showed significant drops in heart rate and blood pressure, and crucially, there was no difference between the two groups’ reductions. Both activities induced a state of relaxation as measured by calmer cardiovascular activity. Given that Stardew Valley produces similar self-reported relaxation, it’s very plausible it would likewise yield lower heart rates, blood pressure, and stress hormone levels during play. In fact, a mental health researcher commenting on this study noted that casual gaming caused “nearly as effective ” as meditation for undergraduates, highlighting how accessible interventions like a farming game could help people who struggle with traditional relaxation techniques. Another piece of physiological evidence comes from the East Carolina University study on puzzle games: using heart rate variability (HRV) and EEG, they found that playing Bejeweled 2 led to a 54% reduction in physical stress markers compared to a control task. High HRV and lower “fight-or-flight” responses indicate the body is in a relaxed, parasympathetic state. While Stardew Valley wasn’t tested in that study, it shares the slow-paced, engaging but not stressful nature of those casual games. It is reasonable to infer that Stardew would likewise activate the parasympathetic nervous system (sometimes called the “rest and digest” state), leading to measurable calming effects like reduced cortisol levels and more regulated breathing/heart rhythms. Some gamers even anecdotally track their heart rate with smartwatches and have observed that relaxing games keep their pulse low and steady, whereas intense games cause spikes. This aligns with general findings that game content matters: for example, violent or competitive games can cause adrenaline surges and elevated blood pressure, whereas puzzle or simulation games elicit far fewer physical stress reactions. One review in Verywell Mind noted that fighting games tend to increase stress hormones and blood pressure, but in contrast, calming games were associated with lower physiological stress and positive emotions. Thus, the physiological profile of a Stardew Valley session likely resembles that of a meditation or a relaxed hobby – low heart rate, normal blood pressure, reduced muscle tension – supporting its subjective label as a “chill” experience. It’s also worth mentioning the concept of “digital gardening” as a form of stress relief. Just as real gardening has been shown to lower cortisol and improve mood, tending a virtual garden in Stardew Valley might trigger similar relaxation responses in the brain and body. While more targeted research is needed (for instance, a study measuring salivary cortisol before and after Stardew play), all signs point to Stardew Valley being a genuinely healthful leisure activity for stress management. The game’s calming influence not only makes you feel at ease but can also help your body exit the stress response cycle, which over the long term may benefit overall health. This convergence of psychological and physiological relaxation is what earns Stardew Valley high praise as a restorative, therapeutic game rather than just an entertaining one. Conclusion Scientific studies, expert analyses, and player experiences collectively paint a clear picture: Stardew Valley owes its status as an ultra-relaxing game to a combination of psychological benefits and clever design. On the psychological front, research shows that playing Stardew Valley can lift mood, lower stress, and even serve as a coping aid for anxiety and depression. The game’s ability to satisfy basic needs for control, accomplishment, and social connection provides genuine mental wellness benefits, especially in times of stress. From a cognitive and design standpoint, Stardew Valley exemplifies the principles of a “cozy” game: it eliminates high-pressure failure states, encourages leisurely, self-paced activity, and surrounds the player with a comforting audiovisual landscape. These features remove the negative stressors and amplify the positive feedback, creating an experience that is engaging but never overwhelming. Compared to other relaxing games, Stardew Valley consistently ranks among the top in both popularity and therapeutic potential, often cited alongside Animal Crossing as a prime example of a video game stress-buster. It stands out for its rich blend of activities that still maintain a chill vibe, confirming that combat or complexity need not ruin a cozy experience if handled gently. Experts – from academic psychologists to the game’s own developer – concur that Stardew Valley and its peers can offer meaningful relaxation and mental health perks in today’s high-stress world. The notion that a video game might be as calming as meditation or more effective than a hotline is no longer far-fetched when one examines the data. Of course, moderation is key (too many hours of any game might become counterproductive), but within healthy limits, Stardew Valley exemplifies how games can be designed for positive mental health outcomes. It provides a gentle escape – a virtual countryside where the player’s mind can rest, reset, and find pleasure in simple accomplishments. Physiologically, it likely helps deactivate the stress response, aligning with research that shows casual games reduce heart rate, blood pressure, and other biomarkers of stress. Psychologically, it offers comfort, mastery, and social warmth in a measure that few other media can match. In summary, Stardew Valley is not just considered one of the most relaxing games – scientific evidence increasingly explains why. Its design ingeniously fosters relaxation, and studies are validating its stress-relief capacity, putting it on the radar of mental health researchers as a potential therapeutic tool. For anyone seeking a break from life’s chaos, the science suggests that spending time in Pelican Town (the world of Stardew Valley) can be a genuinely restorative experience, providing virtual relaxation with real-world benefits. As research on “cozy gaming” continues to grow, Stardew Valley will likely remain a beloved case study of how video games, when thoughtfully crafted, can nourish the mind and soothe the soul. Sources: Scott, S. (2022). Video Games as a Form of Stress Relief and Emotional Improvement – Honours Thesis (Tyndale University). Finding: One week of daily Stardew Valley play led to increased positive affect and decreased negative affect/stress. IGN Review (2018) via Scott (2022) – Stardew Valley was praised as “comforting and satisfying”, and noted for its relaxing nature and flexible task completion. Reuters (2023). “Cozy comfort” – Multimedia report on cozy games and mental health. Finding: Playing video games (esp. cozy games) for an extra hour per day was linked to improved mental health and life satisfaction; casual gameplay reduced stress similar to meditation. PopSci (2024). “The psychology of why video game farming is so satisfying.” – Discusses Stardew Valley mechanics. Cites psychologist Jamie Madigan on how imaginary farm work removes real-life stressors (uncertainty, risk of failure), providing clear goals and predictable rewards that our brains find relaxing. Also notes a 2021 study that found many players credit Stardew and similar games with relaxation and managing mental health issues. Reuters interview with Eric Barone (2025) – Barone describes Stardew’s design philosophy: “relaxed pace… players feel invigorated as opposed to being burnt out”; intended to connect players with nature and escape city stress. Content Analysis by Phillips et al. (2021, Proc. ACM CHI PLAY) – Identified Stardew Valley as a game with “therapeutic potential.” Found multiple Steam reviews describing it as stress-relieving and helpful for coping, e.g. “Stardew helped me cope… teleporting me into a serene… town”. Stardew had the 2nd highest frequency of “coping” mentions among games analyzed (12 mentions, vs. 18 for the top game), and was frequently mentioned for “soothing, relaxing” qualities. Frontiers in Psychology (2022) – Yee, Sng. Animal Crossing and COVID-19: Found playing AC: New Horizons satisfied autonomy, competence, and relatedness needs, providing “psychological relief in stressful contexts”. Highlights the therapeutic role of cozy social simulation games during stress. ECU Psychophysiology Lab study (Russoniello et al., 2008) – Six-month RCT on casual puzzle games. Used heart rate variability and EEG to measure stress. Result: Casual games caused significant stress reduction; e.g. Bejeweled 2 play reduced physical stress indicators by 54% vs control and improved mood (lowered tension, depression). Supports physiological stress relief from relaxing gameplay. Verywell Mind (2024) – Article on games and stress relief (E. Scott, PhD). Notes Animal Crossing, Stardew Valley, etc., as recommended stress-relief games. Explains that non-violent, low-pressure games tend to lower stress responses, whereas violent games can increase stress markers. GameSpot (2025) – “Cozy Games May Help Improve Players’ Mental Health.” Summarizes recent research: Egami’s study in Japan (2020–22) found reduced stress and improved mental health with daily gaming; Wong’s study found casual gaming meditation in stress reduction. Emphasizes that cozy games are designed to be soothing and nearly impossible to lose, making them ideal for unwinding.

game design

Scientific Approach to Stardew Valley